Waves are fundamental to physics, encompassing a wide range of phenomena from sound to light to quantum mechanics. Understanding waves requires grasping concepts such as energy, frequency, and amplitude, along with their properties of dispersion, diffraction, interference, and refraction. Physics classifies waves into mechanical (e.g., sound), electromagnetic (e.g., light), and matter waves (e.g., particles), each with unique characteristics. Waves have countless applications in acoustics, optics, telecommunications, imaging, and other fields, highlighting the interdisciplinary nature of physics and its connections to mathematics, engineering, and related disciplines.
