Intelligent orientation control in self-driving vehicles leverages sensor fusion, computer vision, and machine learning to accurately determine the car’s position, orientation, and surroundings. This information is then combined with path planning and control theory to navigate the vehicle safely and efficiently, even in complex and dynamic environments. Key institutional players in this field include MIT, Berkeley, and Stanford, while research institutes like Max Planck and Toyota Research Institute contribute to innovation. Industry giants Google and Waymo drive commercialization efforts, shaping the future of self-driving technology.