The Fisher-Yates shuffle algorithm, developed by Ronald Fisher and Frank Yates, is a widely used method for randomly shuffling elements in an array. It works by iteratively swapping each element with a randomly chosen element from the remaining unsorted portion of the array. This ensures that each possible outcome is equally likely, producing a truly random permutation of the original elements. The algorithm’s strength lies in its simplicity and efficiency, making it suitable for various applications such as random sampling, Monte Carlo simulations, and deck shuffling in card games.
