In electrostatics, the integral of electric field, denoted by (\int E \cdot dA), represents the electric flux passing through a surface. Defined as the product of electric field (E) and differential area (dA), it provides insights into the behavior of electric fields. Gauss’s law, a fundamental theorem in electrostatics, relates the electric flux to the enclosed charge, enabling the calculation of electric fields in various configurations. This integral is vital for analyzing electric fields, designing capacitors, and understanding the physical properties of insulators and conductors.
