The actual site of protein synthesis is the ribosome, a complex molecular machinery present in all living cells. Ribosomes are composed of two subunits, large and small, and use messenger RNA (mRNA) as a template to guide the assembly of amino acids into a polypeptide chain. This process, known as translation, involves the participation of transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules that carry specific amino acids and interact with the mRNA codons to ensure the correct sequence of amino acids in the synthesized protein.
